French · Brittany · dessert
Kouign-Amann
Kouign-Amann reads sweetness 7.6, richness 7.2 and salinity 3.6 on Palate's 0–10 flavor X-ray — a French · Brittany dessert, about 4 hr 56 min. Measured from the recipe itself: ingredients and technique.
The flavor X-ray — six axes, 0–10
- Umami & Savory — 4.0 / 10
- Sweet & Fruity — 7.6 / 10
- Sour & Bright — 0.3 / 10
- Bitter & Earthy — 0.3 / 10
- Rich & Fat — 7.3 / 10
- Aromatic & Spice — 0.7 / 10
The measured notes (of 18)
Sweetness 7.6 · Richness 7.2 · Salinity 3.6 · Funk & Ferment 3.0 · Umami 1.0 · Floral 0.7 · Nutty 0.6
What's in it (10)
- bread flour — 300 g
- water — 180 g
- yeast — 4 g
- salt — 6 g
- butter — 20 g
- butter — 250 g
- caster sugar — 250 g
- caster sugar — 30 g
- butter — 20 g
- water — 15 g
Time & effort: about 4 hr 56 min (1 hr 11 min active) · effort: involved
Nutrition (per 100 g, engine-estimated): 395.7 kcal, 3.7 g protein, 22.5 g fat, 46.4 g carbs
Dietary: Vegetarian · Contains dairy — engine-derived; double-check anything allergy-critical.
How it's cooked (9 steps)
- The name is simply Breton for butter cake, and the proportions are the shock: for every two parts of bread dough there is roughly one of butter and one of sugar. It was invented in Douarnenez in the 1860s, reputedly by a baker short of flour and long on butter, and no lighter version is worth making.
- Mix the flour, yeast, salt, water and the 20 g of softened butter into a dough and knead 8 minutes until smooth and elastic. Cover and rise 1 hour until well risen but not quite doubled.
- Beat the 250 g of laminating butter between two sheets of paper into a 15 cm square. It needs to be at about 15°C — cold but bending without cracking. Colder and it shatters into shards inside the dough; warmer and it merges into the dough instead of staying in sheets, and there will be no layers at all. This single judgement decides the whole pastry.
- Roll the dough into a 30 cm square, set the butter block in the middle at 45 degrees and fold the four corners over it like an envelope, sealing the seams.
- Roll it out to a rectangle about 20 by 50 cm and scatter a third of the laminating sugar over the surface. Fold in three like a letter, turn 90 degrees, and chill 30 minutes. Repeat twice more, sugaring each time, chilling 30 minutes between turns. If butter starts to show through, stop and chill immediately.
- Butter a 22 cm round tin heavily and dust it with the 30 g of sugar. Roll the dough to a 24 cm round, lay it in and press it to the edges. Score a shallow diamond lattice across the top with a sharp knife, cutting no more than 3 mm deep.
- Prove uncovered for 45 minutes at cool room temperature — it will puff slightly and no more. Brush with the tablespoon of water and dust with any remaining sugar.
- Bake at 200°C (400°F) for 35 to 40 minutes. It will erupt butter and sugar into the tin and boil there; this is correct and it is where the caramel comes from. Bake until the top is deep amber and the caramel in the tin is dark and bubbling.
- Turn it out within 3 minutes of leaving the oven, no later. The caramel sets like glue as it cools and will weld the cake permanently into the tin. Cool it on a rack the right way up and eat it the day it is made, warm.
Dishes with a similar flavor shape
- Pan Cubano (Cuban Bread) — Cuban
- Bola de Berlim — Portuguese
- Agege Bread — Nigerian
- Ensaymada (Soft Brioche with Butter, Sugar and Kesong Puti) — Filipino
- Bolo Lêvedo — Portuguese · Azores
Keep reading: what sweetness, richness, salinity mean in the flavor lexicon · the world's cuisines, by flavor.
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Every number above is Palate's engine-measured estimate, computed from this recipe's ingredients and techniques — not human-tasted ratings or reviews.